[gmx-users] using Berger Lipids in gromacs 4.5.3
Justin A. Lemkul
jalemkul at vt.edu
Tue Jan 25 01:48:52 CET 2011
The issue is in atomtypes.atp and is related to an open issue:
http://redmine.gromacs.org/issues/618
Something is wrong with the way atomtypes.atp is handled, such that if any
change is made to it, pdb2gmx either hangs or assigns the wrong atom types.
There is no need to modify the .atp file for the force field. Deleting the
lines you added (and the blank at the end of the file, which in and of itself
causes a hang) fixes the problem.
-Justin
NG HUI WEN wrote:
> Sorry! Was quite sure I had them attached...
>
> Thanks again!!
>
> Huiwen
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Justin A. Lemkul [mailto:jalemkul at vt.edu]
> Sent: Tuesday, January 25, 2011 8:27 AM
> To: NG HUI WEN
> Subject: Re: [gmx-users] using Berger Lipids in gromacs 4.5.3
>
>
> There is no attachment.
>
> -Justin
>
> NG HUI WEN wrote:
>> Hi Justin,
>>
>> Here are the files for you. Many thanks for your help in advance!
>> Let me know if you need anything else.
>>
>> Huiwen
>>
>>
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: gmx-users-bounces at gromacs.org on behalf of Justin A. Lemkul
>> Sent: Mon 1/24/2011 10:48 PM
>> To: Gromacs Users' List
>> Subject: Re: [gmx-users] using Berger Lipids in gromacs 4.5.3
>>
>>
>>
>> NG HUI WEN wrote:
>>> Hi Justin,
>>>
>>> Thanks for your reply. I am using linux on a cluster remotely. It is made up
>>> of Hewlett Packard ProLiant DL160 compute nodes. I didn't see any "._"
>>> appearing in my gromos53a6_lipid.ff folder.
>> Can you send me a tarball of your gromos53a6_lipid.ff folder (off-list) so I can
>> try to troubleshoot this? Your input .pdb file would be useful, as well.
>>
>> -Justin
>>
>>> Huiwen
>>>
>>> -----Original Message----- From: gmx-users-bounces at gromacs.org
>>> [mailto:gmx-users-bounces at gromacs.org] On Behalf Of Justin A. Lemkul Sent:
>>> Monday, January 24, 2011 10:14 PM To: Gromacs Users' List Subject: Re:
>>> [gmx-users] using Berger Lipids in gromacs 4.5.3
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> NG HUI WEN wrote:
>>>> Dear Justin,
>>>>
>>>> Thanks for pointing out :) much appreciated.
>>>>
>>>> I tried selecting "1" and the process seemed to stop after the work
>>>> "Atomtype 1", please see below:
>>>>
>>>> pdb2gmx -f prot_moved.pdb -o prot_pdb2gmx.pdb -p prot.top -ter -asp -his
>>>> :-) G R O M A C S (-:
>>>>
>>>> GROningen MAchine for Chemical Simulation
>>>>
>>>> :-) VERSION 4.5.3 (-:
>>>>
>>>> Written by Emile Apol, Rossen Apostolov, Herman J.C. Berendsen, Aldert van
>>>> Buuren, Pär Bjelkmar, Rudi van Drunen, Anton Feenstra, Gerrit Groenhof,
>>>> Peter Kasson, Per Larsson, Pieter Meulenhoff, Teemu Murtola, Szilard Pall,
>>>> Sander Pronk, Roland Schulz, Michael Shirts, Alfons Sijbers, Peter
>>>> Tieleman,
>>>>
>>>> Berk Hess, David van der Spoel, and Erik Lindahl.
>>>>
>>>> Copyright (c) 1991-2000, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
>>>> Copyright (c) 2001-2010, The GROMACS development team at Uppsala University
>>>> & The Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden. check out
>>>> http://www.gromacs.org for more information.
>>>>
>>>> This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
>>>> under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
>>>> Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option)
>>>> any later version.
>>>>
>>>> :-) pdb2gmx (-:
>>>>
>>>> Option Filename Type Description
>>>> ------------------------------------------------------------ -f
>>>> prot_moved.pdb Input Structure file: gro g96 pdb tpr etc. -o
>>>> prot_pdb2gmx.pdb Output Structure file: gro g96 pdb etc. -p
>>>> prot.top Output Topology file -i posre.itp Output
>>>> Include file for topology -n clean.ndx Output, Opt. Index file -q
>>>> clean.pdb Output, Opt. Structure file: gro g96 pdb etc.
>>>>
>>>> Option Type Value Description
>>>> ------------------------------------------------------ -[no]h bool
>>>> no Print help info and quit -[no]version bool no Print version
>>>> info and quit -nice int 0 Set the nicelevel -chainsep
>>>> enum id_or_ter Condition in PDB files when a new chain and molecule_type
>>>> should be started: id_or_ter, id_and_ter, ter, id or interactive -ff
>>>> string select Force field, interactive by default. Use -h for information.
>>>> -water enum select Water model to use: select, none, spc, spce,
>>>> tip3p, tip4p or tip5p -[no]inter bool no Set the next 8 options to
>>>> interactive -[no]ss bool no Interactive SS bridge selection
>>>> -[no]ter bool yes Interactive termini selection, iso charged
>>>> -[no]lys bool no Interactive Lysine selection, iso charged
>>>> -[no]arg bool no Interactive Arganine selection, iso charged
>>>> -[no]asp bool yes Interactive Aspartic Acid selection, iso
>>>> charged -[no]glu bool no Interactive Glutamic Acid selection,
>>>> iso charged -[no]gln bool no Interactive Glutamine selection,
>>>> iso neutral -[no]his bool yes Interactive Histidine selection,
>>>> iso checking H-bonds -angle real 135 Minimum
>>>> hydrogen-donor-acceptor angle for a H-bond (degrees) -dist real
>>>> 0.3 Maximum donor-acceptor distance for a H-bond (nm) -[no]una bool
>>>> no Select aromatic rings with united CH atoms on Phenylalanine,
>>>> Tryptophane and Tyrosine -[no]ignh bool no Ignore hydrogen atoms
>>>> that are in the pdb file -[no]missing bool no Continue when atoms
>>>> are missing, dangerous -[no]v bool no Be slightly more verbose
>>>> in messages -posrefc real 1000 Force constant for position
>>>> restraints -vsite enum none Convert atoms to virtual sites:
>>>> none, hydrogens or aromatics -[no]heavyh bool no Make hydrogen
>>>> atoms heavy -[no]deuterate bool no Change the mass of hydrogens to 2
>>>> amu -[no]chargegrp bool yes Use charge groups in the rtp file -[no]cmap
>>>> bool yes Use cmap torsions (if enabled in the rtp file) -[no]renum
>>>> bool no Renumber the residues consecutively in the output
>>>> -[no]rtpres bool no Use rtp entry names as residue names
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> Select the Force Field:
>>>>> From current directory:
>>>> 1: GROMOS96 53A6 force field, extended to include Berger lipid parameters
>>>>> From '/usr/remote/gromacs/4.5.3/share/gromacs/top':
>>>> 2: AMBER03 force field (Duan et al., J. Comp. Chem. 24, 1999-2012, 2003) 3:
>>>> AMBER94 force field (Cornell et al., JACS 117, 5179-5197, 1995) 4: AMBER96
>>>> force field (Kollman et al., Acc. Chem. Res. 29, 461-469, 1996) 5: AMBER99
>>>> force field (Wang et al., J. Comp. Chem. 21, 1049-1074, 2000) 6: AMBER99SB
>>>> force field (Hornak et al., Proteins 65, 712-725, 2006) 7: AMBER99SB-ILDN
>>>> force field (Lindorff-Larsen et al., Proteins 78, 1950-58, 2010) 8: AMBERGS
>>>> force field (Garcia & Sanbonmatsu, PNAS 99, 2782-2787, 2002) 9: CHARMM27
>>>> all-atom force field (with CMAP) - version 2.0 10: GROMOS96 43a1 force
>>>> field 11: GROMOS96 43a2 force field (improved alkane dihedrals) 12:
>>>> GROMOS96 45a3 force field (Schuler JCC 2001 22 1205) 13: GROMOS96 53a5
>>>> force field (JCC 2004 vol 25 pag 1656) 14: GROMOS96 53a6 force field (JCC
>>>> 2004 vol 25 pag 1656) 15: OPLS-AA/L all-atom force field (2001 aminoacid
>>>> dihedrals) 16: [DEPRECATED] Encad all-atom force field, using full solvent
>>>> charges 17: [DEPRECATED] Encad all-atom force field, using scaled-down
>>>> vacuum charges 18: [DEPRECATED] Gromacs force field (see manual) 19:
>>>> [DEPRECATED] Gromacs force field with hydrogens for NMR 1
>>>>
>>>> Using the Gromos53a6_lipid force field in directory ./gromos53a6_lipid.ff
>>>>
>>>> Opening force field file ./gromos53a6_lipid.ff/watermodels.dat
>>>>
>>>> Select the Water Model: 1: SPC simple point charge, recommended 2: SPC/E
>>>> extended simple point charge 3: None 1 Opening force field file
>>>> ./gromos53a6_lipid.ff/aminoacids.r2b Reading prot_moved.pdb... Read 4914
>>>> atoms Analyzing pdb file Splitting PDB chains based on TER records or
>>>> changing chain id. There are 1 chains and 0 blocks of water and 310
>>>> residues with 4914 atoms
>>>>
>>>> chain #res #atoms 1 'X' 310 4914
>>>>
>>>> All occupancies are one Opening force field file
>>>> ./gromos53a6_lipid.ff/atomtypes.atp Atomtype 1
>>>>
>>>> Not sure what happened... Since there is an option "1" available now, do I
>>>> still need the gromos53a6_lipid.ff in my current working directory?
>>>>
>>> The only reason that option "1" appeared is because it is in the working
>>> directory.
>>>
>>> What type of machine are you on? I've had this hang happen on my Mac before,
>>> due to the presence of ._ files when you copy from a different location.
>>> I've disabled that option on my workstation. Other than that, I have no clue
>>> why it would stop there.
>>>
>>> -Justin
>>>
>>>> Thanks a lot!
>>>>
>>>> HW
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> -----Original Message----- From: gmx-users-bounces at gromacs.org
>>>> [mailto:gmx-users-bounces at gromacs.org] On Behalf Of Justin A. Lemkul Sent:
>>>> Sunday, January 23, 2011 9:06 PM To: Discussion list for GROMACS users
>>>> Subject: Re: [gmx-users] using Berger Lipids in gromacs 4.5.3
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> NG HUI WEN wrote:
>>>>> Oops sorry!
>>>>>
>>>>> I found the mistake...
>>>>>
>>>>> the topology file should read "gromos53a6_lipid.ff/forcefield.itp"
>>>>> instead of "gromos53a6.ff/forcefield.itp"
>>>>>
>>>> You would have gotten this if you had chosen the proper force field with
>>>> pdb2gmx. Option 1 (which includes the Berger lipids) is the correct one.
>>>> Option 14 is the vanilla Gromos96 53a6 force field, which is not what you
>>>> want.
>>>>
>>>> -Justin
>>>>
>>>>> silly me
>>>>>
>>>>> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>> *From:* gmx-users-bounces at gromacs.org on behalf of NG HUI WEN *Sent:* Sun
>>>>> 1/23/2011 1:40 PM *To:* gmx-users at gromacs.org *Subject:* [gmx-users]
>>>>> using Berger Lipids in gromacs 4.5.3
>>>>>
>>>>> Dear all,
>>>>>
>>>>> This must be a pretty simple problem but I am stuck nonetheless. I have
>>>>> been using the lipids from Prof Tieleman's website without any problem on
>>>>> gromacs 4.0.7.
>>>>>
>>>>> Now that I've got 4.5.3 installed, I want to try the g_membed tool but
>>>>> have encountered these problems.
>>>>>
>>>>> Following Justin's tutorial which gives a good tip on how to deal with
>>>>> the changes introduced in 4.5.3, these are the things I have done + the
>>>>> output
>>>>>
>>>>> 1) gave new names to the modified itp files from 4.0.7 ffG53a6_lipid.itp
>>>>> to forcefield.itp ffG53a6nb_lipid.itp to ffnonbonded.itp
>>>>> ffG53a6bon_lipid.itp to ffbonded.itp
>>>>>
>>>>> 2) created a folder gromos53a6_lipid.ff in the working directory to
>>>>> contain the files in (1)
>>>>>
>>>>> 3) copied aminoacids.c.tdb, aminoacids.n.tdb, aminoacids.hdb,
>>>>> aminoacids.r2b, aminoacids.rtp, aminoacids.vsd, ff_dumitp, spc.itp,
>>>>> ions.itp, watermodels.dat from $GMXLIB into the gromos53a6_lipid.ff
>>>>> folder created in step (2). The created a forcefield.doc as instructed.
>>>>>
>>>>> 4) created .itp for my protein with pdb2gmx huiwen3 at magnum
>>>>> <mailto:huiwen3 at magnum> 182% pdb2gmx -f protein_moved.pdb -o
>>>>> protein_pdb2gmx.pdb -p protein.top -ignh :-) G R O M A C S (-:
>>>>> Giant Rising Ordinary Mutants for A Clerical Setup :-) VERSION 4.5.3
>>>>> (-: Written by Emile Apol, Rossen Apostolov, Herman J.C. Berendsen,
>>>>> Aldert van Buuren, Pär Bjelkmar, Rudi van Drunen, Anton Feenstra, Gerrit
>>>>> Groenhof, Peter Kasson, Per Larsson, Pieter Meulenhoff, Teemu Murtola,
>>>>> Szilard Pall, Sander Pronk, Roland Schulz, Michael Shirts, Alfons
>>>>> Sijbers, Peter Tieleman, Berk Hess, David van der Spoel, and Erik
>>>>> Lindahl. Copyright (c) 1991-2000, University of Groningen, The
>>>>> Netherlands. Copyright (c) 2001-2010, The GROMACS development team at
>>>>> Uppsala University & The Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden. check out
>>>>> http://www.gromacs.org <http://www.gromacs.org/> for more information.
>>>>> This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
>>>>> under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
>>>>> Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
>>>>> option) any later version. :-) pdb2gmx (-: Option Filename Type
>>>>> Description ------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>> -f protein_moved.pdb Input Structure file: gro g96 pdb tpr etc.
>>>>> -o protein_pdb2gmx.pdb Output Structure file: gro g96 pdb etc. -p
>>>>> protein.top Output Topology file -i posre.itp Output
>>>>> Include file for topology -n clean.ndx Output, Opt. Index file -q
>>>>> clean.pdb Output, Opt. Structure file: gro g96 pdb etc. Option
>>>>> Type Value Description
>>>>> ------------------------------------------------------ -[no]h bool
>>>>> no Print help info and quit -[no]version bool no Print
>>>>> version info and quit -nice int 0 Set the nicelevel
>>>>> -chainsep enum id_or_ter Condition in PDB files when a new chain
>>>>> and molecule_type should be started: id_or_ter, id_and_ter, ter, id or
>>>>> interactive -ff string select Force field, interactive by
>>>>> default. Use -h for information. -water enum select Water model
>>>>> to use: select, none, spc, spce, tip3p, tip4p or tip5p -[no]inter bool
>>>>> no Set the next 8 options to interactive -[no]ss bool no
>>>>> Interactive SS bridge selection -[no]ter bool no Interactive
>>>>> termini selection, iso charged -[no]lys bool no Interactive
>>>>> Lysine selection, iso charged -[no]arg bool no Interactive
>>>>> Arganine selection, iso charged -[no]asp bool no Interactive
>>>>> Aspartic Acid selection, iso charged -[no]glu bool no
>>>>> Interactive Glutamic Acid selection, iso charged -[no]gln bool no
>>>>> Interactive Glutamine selection, iso neutral -[no]his bool no
>>>>> Interactive Histidine selection, iso checking H-bonds -angle real
>>>>> 135 Minimum hydrogen-donor-acceptor angle for a H-bond (degrees)
>>>>> -dist real 0.3 Maximum donor-acceptor distance for a H-bond
>>>>> (nm) -[no]una bool no Select aromatic rings with united CH
>>>>> atoms on Phenylalanine, Tryptophane and Tyrosine -[no]ignh bool yes
>>>>> Ignore hydrogen atoms that are in the pdb file -[no]missing bool no
>>>>> Continue when atoms are missing, dangerous -[no]v bool no Be
>>>>> slightly more verbose in messages -posrefc real 1000 Force
>>>>> constant for position restraints -vsite enum none Convert
>>>>> atoms to virtual sites: none, hydrogens or aromatics -[no]heavyh bool
>>>>> no Make hydrogen atoms heavy -[no]deuterate bool no Change the
>>>>> mass of hydrogens to 2 amu -[no]chargegrp bool yes Use charge groups
>>>>> in the rtp file -[no]cmap bool yes Use cmap torsions (if enabled
>>>>> in the rtp file) -[no]renum bool no Renumber the residues
>>>>> consecutively in the output -[no]rtpres bool no Use rtp entry
>>>>> names as residue names
>>>>>
>>>>> Select the Force Field: From current directory: 1: GROMOS96 53A6 force
>>>>> field, extended to include Berger lipid parameters From
>>>>> '/usr/remote/gromacs/4.5.3/share/gromacs/top': 2: AMBER03 force field
>>>>> (Duan et al., J. Comp. Chem. 24, 1999-2012, 2003) 3: AMBER94 force field
>>>>> (Cornell et al., JACS 117, 5179-5197, 1995) 4: AMBER96 force field
>>>>> (Kollman et al., Acc. Chem. Res. 29, 461-469, 1996) 5: AMBER99 force
>>>>> field (Wang et al., J. Comp. Chem. 21, 1049-1074, 2000) 6: AMBER99SB
>>>>> force field (Hornak et al., Proteins 65, 712-725, 2006) 7: AMBER99SB-ILDN
>>>>> force field (Lindorff-Larsen et al., Proteins 78, 1950-58, 2010) 8:
>>>>> AMBERGS force field (Garcia & Sanbonmatsu, PNAS 99, 2782-2787, 2002) 9:
>>>>> CHARMM27 all-atom force field (with CMAP) - version 2.0 10: GROMOS96 43a1
>>>>> force field 11: GROMOS96 43a2 force field (improved alkane dihedrals) 12:
>>>>> GROMOS96 45a3 force field (Schuler JCC 2001 22 1205) 13: GROMOS96 53a5
>>>>> force field (JCC 2004 vol 25 pag 1656) 14: GROMOS96 53a6 force field (JCC
>>>>> 2004 vol 25 pag 1656) 15: OPLS-AA/L all-atom force field (2001 aminoacid
>>>>> dihedrals) 16: [DEPRECATED] Encad all-atom force field, using full
>>>>> solvent charges 17: [DEPRECATED] Encad all-atom force field, using
>>>>> scaled-down vacuum charges 18: [DEPRECATED] Gromacs force field (see
>>>>> manual) 19: [DEPRECATED] Gromacs force field with hydrogens for NMR I
>>>>> selected 14 .... Q: should I pick 1 instead? 5) combined protein and
>>>>> lipid structure files with cat protein_moved.pdb popc_solvated.pdb >
>>>>> merged.pdb, deleted some uneccessary lines and changed CRYST1 to that of
>>>>> the lipid
>>>>>
>>>>> 6) Obtained a sample.mdp file from
>>>>> http://wwwuser.gwdg.de/~ggroenh/membed.html called it g_membed_sample.mdp
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> 7) did grompp -f sample.mdp -c merged.pdb -p merged.top -o input.tpr and
>>>>> got this error :-) G R O M A C S (-: Giant Rising Ordinary
>>>>> Mutants for A Clerical Setup :-) VERSION 4.5.3 (-: Written by Emile
>>>>> Apol, Rossen Apostolov, Herman J.C. Berendsen, Aldert van Buuren, Pär
>>>>> Bjelkmar, Rudi van Drunen, Anton Feenstra, Gerrit Groenhof, Peter Kasson,
>>>>> Per Larsson, Pieter Meulenhoff, Teemu Murtola, Szilard Pall, Sander
>>>>> Pronk, Roland Schulz, Michael Shirts, Alfons Sijbers, Peter Tieleman,
>>>>> Berk Hess, David van der Spoel, and Erik Lindahl. Copyright (c)
>>>>> 1991-2000, University of Groningen, The Netherlands. Copyright (c)
>>>>> 2001-2010, The GROMACS development team at Uppsala University & The Royal
>>>>> Institute of Technology, Sweden. check out http://www.gromacs.org
>>>>> <http://www.gromacs.org/> for more information. This program is free
>>>>> software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the
>>>>> GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation;
>>>>> either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
>>>>> :-) grompp (-: Option Filename Type Description
>>>>> ------------------------------------------------------------ -f
>>>>> g_membed_sample.mdp Input grompp input file with MD parameters
>>>>> -po mdout.mdp Output grompp input file with MD parameters -c
>>>>> merged.pdb Input Structure file: gro g96 pdb tpr etc. -r
>>>>> conf.gro Input, Opt. Structure file: gro g96 pdb tpr etc. -rb
>>>>> conf.gro Input, Opt. Structure file: gro g96 pdb tpr etc. -n
>>>>> index.ndx Input, Opt. Index file -p merged.top Input
>>>>> Topology file -pp processed.top Output, Opt. Topology file -o
>>>>> input.tpr Output Run input file: tpr tpb tpa -t traj.trr
>>>>> Input, Opt. Full precision trajectory: trr trj cpt -e ener.edr
>>>>> Input, Opt. Energy file Option Type Value Description
>>>>> ------------------------------------------------------ -[no]h bool
>>>>> no Print help info and quit -[no]version bool no Print
>>>>> version info and quit -nice int 0 Set the nicelevel
>>>>> -[no]v bool no Be loud and noisy -time real -1
>>>>> Take frame at or first after this time. -[no]rmvsbds bool yes
>>>>> Remove constant bonded interactions with virtual sites -maxwarn int
>>>>> 0 Number of allowed warnings during input processing -[no]zero
>>>>> bool no Set parameters for bonded interactions without defaults to
>>>>> zero instead of generating an error -[no]renum bool yes Renumber
>>>>> atomtypes and minimize number of atomtypes
>>>>>
>>>>> Back Off! I just backed up mdout.mdp to ./#mdout.mdp.3# NOTE 1 [file
>>>>> g_membed_sample.mdp]: nstcomm < nstcalcenergy defeats the purpose of
>>>>> nstcalcenergy, setting nstcomm to nstcalcenergy Generated 165 of the 1596
>>>>> non-bonded parameter combinations
>>>>> ------------------------------------------------------- Program grompp,
>>>>> VERSION 4.5.3 Source code file: toppush.c, line: 1166 Fatal error:
>>>>> Atomtype LC3 not found For more information and tips for troubleshooting,
>>>>> please check the GROMACS website at
>>>>> http://www.gromacs.org/Documentation/Errors
>>>>> ------------------------------------------------------- "Your Country
>>>>> Needs YOU" (U.S. Army)
>>>>>
>>>>> 8) My merged.top looks like this
>>>>>
>>>>> ; Include forcefield parameters #include "gromos53a6.ff/forcefield.itp"
>>>>>
>>>>> ;Include Protein Topology #include "protein.itp"
>>>>>
>>>>> ; Include Position restraint file #ifdef POSRES #include "posre.itp"
>>>>> #endif ; ; ;Include POPC topology #include "popc.itp" ; ;Include water
>>>>> topology #include "gromos53a6.ff/spc.itp"
>>>>>
>>>>> #ifdef POSRES_WATER ; Position restraint for each water oxygen [
>>>>> position_restraints ] ; i funct fcx fcy fcz 1 1
>>>>> 1000 1000 1000 #endif
>>>>>
>>>>> ; Include topology for ions #include "gromos53a6.ff/ions.itp"
>>>>>
>>>>> [ system ] ; Name POPC in water + Protein
>>>>>
>>>>> [ molecules ] ; Compound #mols Protein_X 1
>>>>> POPC 339 SOL 16865 I am certain I have LC3 in the
>>>>> ffnonbonded.itp file I created in step (1)...
>>>>>
>>>>> Many thanks for your help in advance.
>>>>>
>>>>> Huiwen
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> <<
>>>>>
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>>>>> <<
>>>>>
>>>>> This message and any attachment are intended solely for the addressee and
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--
========================================
Justin A. Lemkul
Ph.D. Candidate
ICTAS Doctoral Scholar
MILES-IGERT Trainee
Department of Biochemistry
Virginia Tech
Blacksburg, VA
jalemkul[at]vt.edu | (540) 231-9080
http://www.bevanlab.biochem.vt.edu/Pages/Personal/justin
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